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1 | |
2 | |
3 | Command Line Options for Linux/m68k |
4 | =================================== |
5 | |
6 | Last Update: 2 May 1999 |
7 | Linux/m68k version: 2.2.6 |
8 | Author: Roman.Hodek@informatik.uni-erlangen.de (Roman Hodek) |
9 | Update: jds@kom.auc.dk (Jes Sorensen) and faq@linux-m68k.org (Chris Lawrence) |
10 | |
11 | 0) Introduction |
12 | =============== |
13 | |
14 | Often I've been asked which command line options the Linux/m68k |
15 | kernel understands, or how the exact syntax for the ... option is, or |
16 | ... about the option ... . I hope, this document supplies all the |
17 | answers... |
18 | |
19 | Note that some options might be outdated, their descriptions being |
20 | incomplete or missing. Please update the information and send in the |
21 | patches. |
22 | |
23 | |
24 | 1) Overview of the Kernel's Option Processing |
25 | ============================================= |
26 | |
27 | The kernel knows three kinds of options on its command line: |
28 | |
29 | 1) kernel options |
30 | 2) environment settings |
31 | 3) arguments for init |
32 | |
33 | To which of these classes an argument belongs is determined as |
34 | follows: If the option is known to the kernel itself, i.e. if the name |
35 | (the part before the '=') or, in some cases, the whole argument string |
36 | is known to the kernel, it belongs to class 1. Otherwise, if the |
37 | argument contains an '=', it is of class 2, and the definition is put |
38 | into init's environment. All other arguments are passed to init as |
39 | command line options. |
40 | |
41 | This document describes the valid kernel options for Linux/m68k in |
42 | the version mentioned at the start of this file. Later revisions may |
43 | add new such options, and some may be missing in older versions. |
44 | |
45 | In general, the value (the part after the '=') of an option is a |
46 | list of values separated by commas. The interpretation of these values |
47 | is up to the driver that "owns" the option. This association of |
48 | options with drivers is also the reason that some are further |
49 | subdivided. |
50 | |
51 | |
52 | 2) General Kernel Options |
53 | ========================= |
54 | |
55 | 2.1) root= |
56 | ---------- |
57 | |
58 | Syntax: root=/dev/<device> |
59 | or: root=<hex_number> |
60 | |
61 | This tells the kernel which device it should mount as the root |
62 | filesystem. The device must be a block device with a valid filesystem |
63 | on it. |
64 | |
65 | The first syntax gives the device by name. These names are converted |
66 | into a major/minor number internally in the kernel in an unusual way. |
67 | Normally, this "conversion" is done by the device files in /dev, but |
68 | this isn't possible here, because the root filesystem (with /dev) |
69 | isn't mounted yet... So the kernel parses the name itself, with some |
70 | hardcoded name to number mappings. The name must always be a |
71 | combination of two or three letters, followed by a decimal number. |
72 | Valid names are: |
73 | |
74 | /dev/ram: -> 0x0100 (initial ramdisk) |
75 | /dev/hda: -> 0x0300 (first IDE disk) |
76 | /dev/hdb: -> 0x0340 (second IDE disk) |
77 | /dev/sda: -> 0x0800 (first SCSI disk) |
78 | /dev/sdb: -> 0x0810 (second SCSI disk) |
79 | /dev/sdc: -> 0x0820 (third SCSI disk) |
80 | /dev/sdd: -> 0x0830 (forth SCSI disk) |
81 | /dev/sde: -> 0x0840 (fifth SCSI disk) |
82 | /dev/fd : -> 0x0200 (floppy disk) |
83 | /dev/xda: -> 0x0c00 (first XT disk, unused in Linux/m68k) |
84 | /dev/xdb: -> 0x0c40 (second XT disk, unused in Linux/m68k) |
85 | /dev/ada: -> 0x1c00 (first ACSI device) |
86 | /dev/adb: -> 0x1c10 (second ACSI device) |
87 | /dev/adc: -> 0x1c20 (third ACSI device) |
88 | /dev/add: -> 0x1c30 (forth ACSI device) |
89 | |
90 | The last four names are available only if the kernel has been compiled |
91 | with Atari and ACSI support. |
92 | |
93 | The name must be followed by a decimal number, that stands for the |
94 | partition number. Internally, the value of the number is just |
95 | added to the device number mentioned in the table above. The |
96 | exceptions are /dev/ram and /dev/fd, where /dev/ram refers to an |
97 | initial ramdisk loaded by your bootstrap program (please consult the |
98 | instructions for your bootstrap program to find out how to load an |
99 | initial ramdisk). As of kernel version 2.0.18 you must specify |
100 | /dev/ram as the root device if you want to boot from an initial |
101 | ramdisk. For the floppy devices, /dev/fd, the number stands for the |
102 | floppy drive number (there are no partitions on floppy disks). I.e., |
103 | /dev/fd0 stands for the first drive, /dev/fd1 for the second, and so |
104 | on. Since the number is just added, you can also force the disk format |
105 | by adding a number greater than 3. If you look into your /dev |
106 | directory, use can see the /dev/fd0D720 has major 2 and minor 16. You |
107 | can specify this device for the root FS by writing "root=/dev/fd16" on |
108 | the kernel command line. |
109 | |
110 | [Strange and maybe uninteresting stuff ON] |
111 | |
112 | This unusual translation of device names has some strange |
113 | consequences: If, for example, you have a symbolic link from /dev/fd |
114 | to /dev/fd0D720 as an abbreviation for floppy driver #0 in DD format, |
115 | you cannot use this name for specifying the root device, because the |
116 | kernel cannot see this symlink before mounting the root FS and it |
117 | isn't in the table above. If you use it, the root device will not be |
118 | set at all, without an error message. Another example: You cannot use a |
119 | partition on e.g. the sixth SCSI disk as the root filesystem, if you |
120 | want to specify it by name. This is, because only the devices up to |
121 | /dev/sde are in the table above, but not /dev/sdf. Although, you can |
122 | use the sixth SCSI disk for the root FS, but you have to specify the |
123 | device by number... (see below). Or, even more strange, you can use the |
124 | fact that there is no range checking of the partition number, and your |
125 | knowledge that each disk uses 16 minors, and write "root=/dev/sde17" |
126 | (for /dev/sdf1). |
127 | |
128 | [Strange and maybe uninteresting stuff OFF] |
129 | |
130 | If the device containing your root partition isn't in the table |
131 | above, you can also specify it by major and minor numbers. These are |
132 | written in hex, with no prefix and no separator between. E.g., if you |
133 | have a CD with contents appropriate as a root filesystem in the first |
134 | SCSI CD-ROM drive, you boot from it by "root=0b00". Here, hex "0b" = |
135 | decimal 11 is the major of SCSI CD-ROMs, and the minor 0 stands for |
136 | the first of these. You can find out all valid major numbers by |
137 | looking into include/linux/major.h. |
138 | |
139 | |
140 | 2.2) ro, rw |
141 | ----------- |
142 | |
143 | Syntax: ro |
144 | or: rw |
145 | |
146 | These two options tell the kernel whether it should mount the root |
147 | filesystem read-only or read-write. The default is read-only, except |
148 | for ramdisks, which default to read-write. |
149 | |
150 | |
151 | 2.3) debug |
152 | ---------- |
153 | |
154 | Syntax: debug |
155 | |
156 | This raises the kernel log level to 10 (the default is 7). This is the |
157 | same level as set by the "dmesg" command, just that the maximum level |
158 | selectable by dmesg is 8. |
159 | |
160 | |
161 | 2.4) debug= |
162 | ----------- |
163 | |
164 | Syntax: debug=<device> |
165 | |
166 | This option causes certain kernel messages be printed to the selected |
167 | debugging device. This can aid debugging the kernel, since the |
168 | messages can be captured and analyzed on some other machine. Which |
169 | devices are possible depends on the machine type. There are no checks |
170 | for the validity of the device name. If the device isn't implemented, |
171 | nothing happens. |
172 | |
173 | Messages logged this way are in general stack dumps after kernel |
174 | memory faults or bad kernel traps, and kernel panics. To be exact: all |
175 | messages of level 0 (panic messages) and all messages printed while |
176 | the log level is 8 or more (their level doesn't matter). Before stack |
177 | dumps, the kernel sets the log level to 10 automatically. A level of |
178 | at least 8 can also be set by the "debug" command line option (see |
179 | 2.3) and at run time with "dmesg -n 8". |
180 | |
181 | Devices possible for Amiga: |
182 | |
183 | - "ser": built-in serial port; parameters: 9600bps, 8N1 |
184 | - "mem": Save the messages to a reserved area in chip mem. After |
185 | rebooting, they can be read under AmigaOS with the tool |
186 | 'dmesg'. |
187 | |
188 | Devices possible for Atari: |
189 | |
190 | - "ser1": ST-MFP serial port ("Modem1"); parameters: 9600bps, 8N1 |
191 | - "ser2": SCC channel B serial port ("Modem2"); parameters: 9600bps, 8N1 |
192 | - "ser" : default serial port |
193 | This is "ser2" for a Falcon, and "ser1" for any other machine |
194 | - "midi": The MIDI port; parameters: 31250bps, 8N1 |
195 | - "par" : parallel port |
196 | The printing routine for this implements a timeout for the |
197 | case there's no printer connected (else the kernel would |
198 | lock up). The timeout is not exact, but usually a few |
199 | seconds. |
200 | |
201 | |
202 | 2.6) ramdisk= |
203 | ------------- |
204 | |
205 | Syntax: ramdisk=<size> |
206 | |
207 | This option instructs the kernel to set up a ramdisk of the given |
208 | size in KBytes. Do not use this option if the ramdisk contents are |
209 | passed by bootstrap! In this case, the size is selected automatically |
210 | and should not be overwritten. |
211 | |
212 | The only application is for root filesystems on floppy disks, that |
213 | should be loaded into memory. To do that, select the corresponding |
214 | size of the disk as ramdisk size, and set the root device to the disk |
215 | drive (with "root="). |
216 | |
217 | |
218 | 2.7) swap= |
219 | 2.8) buff= |
220 | ----------- |
221 | |
222 | I can't find any sign of these options in 2.2.6. |
223 | |
224 | |
225 | 3) General Device Options (Amiga and Atari) |
226 | =========================================== |
227 | |
228 | 3.1) ether= |
229 | ----------- |
230 | |
231 | Syntax: ether=[<irq>[,<base_addr>[,<mem_start>[,<mem_end>]]]],<dev-name> |
232 | |
233 | <dev-name> is the name of a net driver, as specified in |
234 | drivers/net/Space.c in the Linux source. Most prominent are eth0, ... |
235 | eth3, sl0, ... sl3, ppp0, ..., ppp3, dummy, and lo. |
236 | |
237 | The non-ethernet drivers (sl, ppp, dummy, lo) obviously ignore the |
238 | settings by this options. Also, the existing ethernet drivers for |
239 | Linux/m68k (ariadne, a2065, hydra) don't use them because Zorro boards |
240 | are really Plug-'n-Play, so the "ether=" option is useless altogether |
241 | for Linux/m68k. |
242 | |
243 | |
244 | 3.2) hd= |
245 | -------- |
246 | |
247 | Syntax: hd=<cylinders>,<heads>,<sectors> |
248 | |
249 | This option sets the disk geometry of an IDE disk. The first hd= |
250 | option is for the first IDE disk, the second for the second one. |
251 | (I.e., you can give this option twice.) In most cases, you won't have |
252 | to use this option, since the kernel can obtain the geometry data |
253 | itself. It exists just for the case that this fails for one of your |
254 | disks. |
255 | |
256 | |
257 | 3.3) max_scsi_luns= |
258 | ------------------- |
259 | |
260 | Syntax: max_scsi_luns=<n> |
261 | |
262 | Sets the maximum number of LUNs (logical units) of SCSI devices to |
263 | be scanned. Valid values for <n> are between 1 and 8. Default is 8 if |
264 | "Probe all LUNs on each SCSI device" was selected during the kernel |
265 | configuration, else 1. |
266 | |
267 | |
268 | 3.4) st= |
269 | -------- |
270 | |
271 | Syntax: st=<buffer_size>,[<write_thres>,[<max_buffers>]] |
272 | |
273 | Sets several parameters of the SCSI tape driver. <buffer_size> is |
274 | the number of 512-byte buffers reserved for tape operations for each |
275 | device. <write_thres> sets the number of blocks which must be filled |
276 | to start an actual write operation to the tape. Maximum value is the |
277 | total number of buffers. <max_buffer> limits the total number of |
278 | buffers allocated for all tape devices. |
279 | |
280 | |
281 | 3.5) dmasound= |
282 | -------------- |
283 | |
284 | Syntax: dmasound=[<buffers>,<buffer-size>[,<catch-radius>]] |
285 | |
286 | This option controls some configurations of the Linux/m68k DMA sound |
287 | driver (Amiga and Atari): <buffers> is the number of buffers you want |
288 | to use (minimum 4, default 4), <buffer-size> is the size of each |
289 | buffer in kilobytes (minimum 4, default 32) and <catch-radius> says |
290 | how much percent of error will be tolerated when setting a frequency |
291 | (maximum 10, default 0). For example with 3% you can play 8000Hz |
292 | AU-Files on the Falcon with its hardware frequency of 8195Hz and thus |
293 | don't need to expand the sound. |
294 | |
295 | |
296 | |
297 | 4) Options for Atari Only |
298 | ========================= |
299 | |
300 | 4.1) video= |
301 | ----------- |
302 | |
303 | Syntax: video=<fbname>:<sub-options...> |
304 | |
305 | The <fbname> parameter specifies the name of the frame buffer, |
306 | eg. most atari users will want to specify `atafb' here. The |
307 | <sub-options> is a comma-separated list of the sub-options listed |
308 | below. |
309 | |
310 | NB: Please notice that this option was renamed from `atavideo' to |
311 | `video' during the development of the 1.3.x kernels, thus you |
312 | might need to update your boot-scripts if upgrading to 2.x from |
313 | an 1.2.x kernel. |
314 | |
315 | NBB: The behavior of video= was changed in 2.1.57 so the recommended |
316 | option is to specify the name of the frame buffer. |
317 | |
318 | 4.1.1) Video Mode |
319 | ----------------- |
320 | |
321 | This sub-option may be any of the predefined video modes, as listed |
322 | in atari/atafb.c in the Linux/m68k source tree. The kernel will |
323 | activate the given video mode at boot time and make it the default |
324 | mode, if the hardware allows. Currently defined names are: |
325 | |
326 | - stlow : 320x200x4 |
327 | - stmid, default5 : 640x200x2 |
328 | - sthigh, default4: 640x400x1 |
329 | - ttlow : 320x480x8, TT only |
330 | - ttmid, default1 : 640x480x4, TT only |
331 | - tthigh, default2: 1280x960x1, TT only |
332 | - vga2 : 640x480x1, Falcon only |
333 | - vga4 : 640x480x2, Falcon only |
334 | - vga16, default3 : 640x480x4, Falcon only |
335 | - vga256 : 640x480x8, Falcon only |
336 | - falh2 : 896x608x1, Falcon only |
337 | - falh16 : 896x608x4, Falcon only |
338 | |
339 | If no video mode is given on the command line, the kernel tries the |
340 | modes names "default<n>" in turn, until one is possible with the |
341 | hardware in use. |
342 | |
343 | A video mode setting doesn't make sense, if the external driver is |
344 | activated by a "external:" sub-option. |
345 | |
346 | 4.1.2) inverse |
347 | -------------- |
348 | |
349 | Invert the display. This affects both, text (consoles) and graphics |
350 | (X) display. Usually, the background is chosen to be black. With this |
351 | option, you can make the background white. |
352 | |
353 | 4.1.3) font |
354 | ----------- |
355 | |
356 | Syntax: font:<fontname> |
357 | |
358 | Specify the font to use in text modes. Currently you can choose only |
359 | between `VGA8x8', `VGA8x16' and `PEARL8x8'. `VGA8x8' is default, if the |
360 | vertical size of the display is less than 400 pixel rows. Otherwise, the |
361 | `VGA8x16' font is the default. |
362 | |
363 | 4.1.4) hwscroll_ |
364 | ---------------- |
365 | |
366 | Syntax: hwscroll_<n> |
367 | |
368 | The number of additional lines of video memory to reserve for |
369 | speeding up the scrolling ("hardware scrolling"). Hardware scrolling |
370 | is possible only if the kernel can set the video base address in steps |
371 | fine enough. This is true for STE, MegaSTE, TT, and Falcon. It is not |
372 | possible with plain STs and graphics cards (The former because the |
373 | base address must be on a 256 byte boundary there, the latter because |
374 | the kernel doesn't know how to set the base address at all.) |
375 | |
376 | By default, <n> is set to the number of visible text lines on the |
377 | display. Thus, the amount of video memory is doubled, compared to no |
378 | hardware scrolling. You can turn off the hardware scrolling altogether |
379 | by setting <n> to 0. |
380 | |
381 | 4.1.5) internal: |
382 | ---------------- |
383 | |
384 | Syntax: internal:<xres>;<yres>[;<xres_max>;<yres_max>;<offset>] |
385 | |
386 | This option specifies the capabilities of some extended internal video |
387 | hardware, like e.g. OverScan. <xres> and <yres> give the (extended) |
388 | dimensions of the screen. |
389 | |
390 | If your OverScan needs a black border, you have to write the last |
391 | three arguments of the "internal:". <xres_max> is the maximum line |
392 | length the hardware allows, <yres_max> the maximum number of lines. |
393 | <offset> is the offset of the visible part of the screen memory to its |
394 | physical start, in bytes. |
395 | |
396 | Often, extended interval video hardware has to be activated somehow. |
397 | For this, see the "sw_*" options below. |
398 | |
399 | 4.1.6) external: |
400 | ---------------- |
401 | |
402 | Syntax: |
403 | external:<xres>;<yres>;<depth>;<org>;<scrmem>[;<scrlen>[;<vgabase>\ |
404 | [;<colw>[;<coltype>[;<xres_virtual>]]]]] |
405 | |
406 | [I had to break this line...] |
407 | |
408 | This is probably the most complicated parameter... It specifies that |
409 | you have some external video hardware (a graphics board), and how to |
410 | use it under Linux/m68k. The kernel cannot know more about the hardware |
411 | than you tell it here! The kernel also is unable to set or change any |
412 | video modes, since it doesn't know about any board internal. So, you |
413 | have to switch to that video mode before you start Linux, and cannot |
414 | switch to another mode once Linux has started. |
415 | |
416 | The first 3 parameters of this sub-option should be obvious: <xres>, |
417 | <yres> and <depth> give the dimensions of the screen and the number of |
418 | planes (depth). The depth is is the logarithm to base 2 of the number |
419 | of colors possible. (Or, the other way round: The number of colors is |
420 | 2^depth). |
421 | |
422 | You have to tell the kernel furthermore how the video memory is |
423 | organized. This is done by a letter as <org> parameter: |
424 | |
425 | 'n': "normal planes", i.e. one whole plane after another |
426 | 'i': "interleaved planes", i.e. 16 bit of the first plane, than 16 bit |
427 | of the next, and so on... This mode is used only with the |
428 | built-in Atari video modes, I think there is no card that |
429 | supports this mode. |
430 | 'p': "packed pixels", i.e. <depth> consecutive bits stand for all |
431 | planes of one pixel; this is the most common mode for 8 planes |
432 | (256 colors) on graphic cards |
433 | 't': "true color" (more or less packed pixels, but without a color |
434 | lookup table); usually depth is 24 |
435 | |
436 | For monochrome modes (i.e., <depth> is 1), the <org> letter has a |
437 | different meaning: |
438 | |
439 | 'n': normal colors, i.e. 0=white, 1=black |
440 | 'i': inverted colors, i.e. 0=black, 1=white |
441 | |
442 | The next important information about the video hardware is the base |
443 | address of the video memory. That is given in the <scrmem> parameter, |
444 | as a hexadecimal number with a "0x" prefix. You have to find out this |
445 | address in the documentation of your hardware. |
446 | |
447 | The next parameter, <scrlen>, tells the kernel about the size of the |
448 | video memory. If it's missing, the size is calculated from <xres>, |
449 | <yres>, and <depth>. For now, it is not useful to write a value here. |
450 | It would be used only for hardware scrolling (which isn't possible |
451 | with the external driver, because the kernel cannot set the video base |
452 | address), or for virtual resolutions under X (which the X server |
453 | doesn't support yet). So, it's currently best to leave this field |
454 | empty, either by ending the "external:" after the video address or by |
455 | writing two consecutive semicolons, if you want to give a <vgabase> |
456 | (it is allowed to leave this parameter empty). |
457 | |
458 | The <vgabase> parameter is optional. If it is not given, the kernel |
459 | cannot read or write any color registers of the video hardware, and |
460 | thus you have to set appropriate colors before you start Linux. But if |
461 | your card is somehow VGA compatible, you can tell the kernel the base |
462 | address of the VGA register set, so it can change the color lookup |
463 | table. You have to look up this address in your board's documentation. |
464 | To avoid misunderstandings: <vgabase> is the _base_ address, i.e. a 4k |
465 | aligned address. For read/writing the color registers, the kernel |
466 | uses the addresses vgabase+0x3c7...vgabase+0x3c9. The <vgabase> |
467 | parameter is written in hexadecimal with a "0x" prefix, just as |
468 | <scrmem>. |
469 | |
470 | <colw> is meaningful only if <vgabase> is specified. It tells the |
471 | kernel how wide each of the color register is, i.e. the number of bits |
472 | per single color (red/green/blue). Default is 6, another quite usual |
473 | value is 8. |
474 | |
475 | Also <coltype> is used together with <vgabase>. It tells the kernel |
476 | about the color register model of your gfx board. Currently, the types |
477 | "vga" (which is also the default) and "mv300" (SANG MV300) are |
478 | implemented. |
479 | |
480 | Parameter <xres_virtual> is required for ProMST or ET4000 cards where |
481 | the physical linelength differs from the visible length. With ProMST, |
482 | xres_virtual must be set to 2048. For ET4000, xres_virtual depends on the |
483 | initialisation of the video-card. |
484 | If you're missing a corresponding yres_virtual: the external part is legacy, |
485 | therefore we don't support hardware-dependent functions like hardware-scroll, |
486 | panning or blanking. |
487 | |
488 | 4.1.7) eclock: |
489 | -------------- |
490 | |
491 | The external pixel clock attached to the Falcon VIDEL shifter. This |
492 | currently works only with the ScreenWonder! |
493 | |
494 | 4.1.8) monitorcap: |
495 | ------------------- |
496 | |
497 | Syntax: monitorcap:<vmin>;<vmax>;<hmin>;<hmax> |
498 | |
499 | This describes the capabilities of a multisync monitor. Don't use it |
500 | with a fixed-frequency monitor! For now, only the Falcon frame buffer |
501 | uses the settings of "monitorcap:". |
502 | |
503 | <vmin> and <vmax> are the minimum and maximum, resp., vertical frequencies |
504 | your monitor can work with, in Hz. <hmin> and <hmax> are the same for |
505 | the horizontal frequency, in kHz. |
506 | |
507 | The defaults are 58;62;31;32 (VGA compatible). |
508 | |
509 | The defaults for TV/SC1224/SC1435 cover both PAL and NTSC standards. |
510 | |
511 | 4.1.9) keep |
512 | ------------ |
513 | |
514 | If this option is given, the framebuffer device doesn't do any video |
515 | mode calculations and settings on its own. The only Atari fb device |
516 | that does this currently is the Falcon. |
517 | |
518 | What you reach with this: Settings for unknown video extensions |
519 | aren't overridden by the driver, so you can still use the mode found |
520 | when booting, when the driver doesn't know to set this mode itself. |
521 | But this also means, that you can't switch video modes anymore... |
522 | |
523 | An example where you may want to use "keep" is the ScreenBlaster for |
524 | the Falcon. |
525 | |
526 | |
527 | 4.2) atamouse= |
528 | -------------- |
529 | |
530 | Syntax: atamouse=<x-threshold>,[<y-threshold>] |
531 | |
532 | With this option, you can set the mouse movement reporting threshold. |
533 | This is the number of pixels of mouse movement that have to accumulate |
534 | before the IKBD sends a new mouse packet to the kernel. Higher values |
535 | reduce the mouse interrupt load and thus reduce the chance of keyboard |
536 | overruns. Lower values give a slightly faster mouse responses and |
537 | slightly better mouse tracking. |
538 | |
539 | You can set the threshold in x and y separately, but usually this is |
540 | of little practical use. If there's just one number in the option, it |
541 | is used for both dimensions. The default value is 2 for both |
542 | thresholds. |
543 | |
544 | |
545 | 4.3) ataflop= |
546 | ------------- |
547 | |
548 | Syntax: ataflop=<drive type>[,<trackbuffering>[,<steprateA>[,<steprateB>]]] |
549 | |
550 | The drive type may be 0, 1, or 2, for DD, HD, and ED, resp. This |
551 | setting affects how many buffers are reserved and which formats are |
552 | probed (see also below). The default is 1 (HD). Only one drive type |
553 | can be selected. If you have two disk drives, select the "better" |
554 | type. |
555 | |
556 | The second parameter <trackbuffer> tells the kernel whether to use |
557 | track buffering (1) or not (0). The default is machine-dependent: |
558 | no for the Medusa and yes for all others. |
559 | |
560 | With the two following parameters, you can change the default |
561 | steprate used for drive A and B, resp. |
562 | |
563 | |
564 | 4.4) atascsi= |
565 | ------------- |
566 | |
567 | Syntax: atascsi=<can_queue>[,<cmd_per_lun>[,<scat-gat>[,<host-id>[,<tagged>]]]] |
568 | |
569 | This option sets some parameters for the Atari native SCSI driver. |
570 | Generally, any number of arguments can be omitted from the end. And |
571 | for each of the numbers, a negative value means "use default". The |
572 | defaults depend on whether TT-style or Falcon-style SCSI is used. |
573 | Below, defaults are noted as n/m, where the first value refers to |
574 | TT-SCSI and the latter to Falcon-SCSI. If an illegal value is given |
575 | for one parameter, an error message is printed and that one setting is |
576 | ignored (others aren't affected). |
577 | |
578 | <can_queue>: |
579 | This is the maximum number of SCSI commands queued internally to the |
580 | Atari SCSI driver. A value of 1 effectively turns off the driver |
581 | internal multitasking (if it causes problems). Legal values are >= |
582 | 1. <can_queue> can be as high as you like, but values greater than |
583 | <cmd_per_lun> times the number of SCSI targets (LUNs) you have |
584 | don't make sense. Default: 16/8. |
585 | |
586 | <cmd_per_lun>: |
587 | Maximum number of SCSI commands issued to the driver for one |
588 | logical unit (LUN, usually one SCSI target). Legal values start |
589 | from 1. If tagged queuing (see below) is not used, values greater |
590 | than 2 don't make sense, but waste memory. Otherwise, the maximum |
591 | is the number of command tags available to the driver (currently |
592 | 32). Default: 8/1. (Note: Values > 1 seem to cause problems on a |
593 | Falcon, cause not yet known.) |
594 | |
595 | The <cmd_per_lun> value at a great part determines the amount of |
596 | memory SCSI reserves for itself. The formula is rather |
597 | complicated, but I can give you some hints: |
598 | no scatter-gather : cmd_per_lun * 232 bytes |
599 | full scatter-gather: cmd_per_lun * approx. 17 Kbytes |
600 | |
601 | <scat-gat>: |
602 | Size of the scatter-gather table, i.e. the number of requests |
603 | consecutive on the disk that can be merged into one SCSI command. |
604 | Legal values are between 0 and 255. Default: 255/0. Note: This |
605 | value is forced to 0 on a Falcon, since scatter-gather isn't |
606 | possible with the ST-DMA. Not using scatter-gather hurts |
607 | performance significantly. |
608 | |
609 | <host-id>: |
610 | The SCSI ID to be used by the initiator (your Atari). This is |
611 | usually 7, the highest possible ID. Every ID on the SCSI bus must |
612 | be unique. Default: determined at run time: If the NV-RAM checksum |
613 | is valid, and bit 7 in byte 30 of the NV-RAM is set, the lower 3 |
614 | bits of this byte are used as the host ID. (This method is defined |
615 | by Atari and also used by some TOS HD drivers.) If the above |
616 | isn't given, the default ID is 7. (both, TT and Falcon). |
617 | |
618 | <tagged>: |
619 | 0 means turn off tagged queuing support, all other values > 0 mean |
620 | use tagged queuing for targets that support it. Default: currently |
621 | off, but this may change when tagged queuing handling has been |
622 | proved to be reliable. |
623 | |
624 | Tagged queuing means that more than one command can be issued to |
625 | one LUN, and the SCSI device itself orders the requests so they |
626 | can be performed in optimal order. Not all SCSI devices support |
627 | tagged queuing (:-(). |
628 | |
629 | 4.6 switches= |
630 | ------------- |
631 | |
632 | Syntax: switches=<list of switches> |
633 | |
634 | With this option you can switch some hardware lines that are often |
635 | used to enable/disable certain hardware extensions. Examples are |
636 | OverScan, overclocking, ... |
637 | |
638 | The <list of switches> is a comma-separated list of the following |
639 | items: |
640 | |
641 | ikbd: set RTS of the keyboard ACIA high |
642 | midi: set RTS of the MIDI ACIA high |
643 | snd6: set bit 6 of the PSG port A |
644 | snd7: set bit 6 of the PSG port A |
645 | |
646 | It doesn't make sense to mention a switch more than once (no |
647 | difference to only once), but you can give as many switches as you |
648 | want to enable different features. The switch lines are set as early |
649 | as possible during kernel initialization (even before determining the |
650 | present hardware.) |
651 | |
652 | All of the items can also be prefixed with "ov_", i.e. "ov_ikbd", |
653 | "ov_midi", ... These options are meant for switching on an OverScan |
654 | video extension. The difference to the bare option is that the |
655 | switch-on is done after video initialization, and somehow synchronized |
656 | to the HBLANK. A speciality is that ov_ikbd and ov_midi are switched |
657 | off before rebooting, so that OverScan is disabled and TOS boots |
658 | correctly. |
659 | |
660 | If you give an option both, with and without the "ov_" prefix, the |
661 | earlier initialization ("ov_"-less) takes precedence. But the |
662 | switching-off on reset still happens in this case. |
663 | |
664 | 4.5) stram_swap= |
665 | ---------------- |
666 | |
667 | Syntax: stram_swap=<do_swap>[,<max_swap>] |
668 | |
669 | This option is available only if the kernel has been compiled with |
670 | CONFIG_STRAM_SWAP enabled. Normally, the kernel then determines |
671 | dynamically whether to actually use ST-RAM as swap space. (Currently, |
672 | the fraction of ST-RAM must be less or equal 1/3 of total memory to |
673 | enable this swapping.) You can override the kernel's decision by |
674 | specifying this option. 1 for <do_swap> means always enable the swap, |
675 | even if you have less alternate RAM. 0 stands for never swap to |
676 | ST-RAM, even if it's small enough compared to the rest of memory. |
677 | |
678 | If ST-RAM swapping is enabled, the kernel usually uses all free |
679 | ST-RAM as swap "device". If the kernel resides in ST-RAM, the region |
680 | allocated by it is obviously never used for swapping :-) You can also |
681 | limit this amount by specifying the second parameter, <max_swap>, if |
682 | you want to use parts of ST-RAM as normal system memory. <max_swap> is |
683 | in kBytes and the number should be a multiple of 4 (otherwise: rounded |
684 | down). |
685 | |
686 | 5) Options for Amiga Only: |
687 | ========================== |
688 | |
689 | 5.1) video= |
690 | ----------- |
691 | |
692 | Syntax: video=<fbname>:<sub-options...> |
693 | |
694 | The <fbname> parameter specifies the name of the frame buffer, valid |
695 | options are `amifb', `cyber', 'virge', `retz3' and `clgen', provided |
696 | that the respective frame buffer devices have been compiled into the |
697 | kernel (or compiled as loadable modules). The behavior of the <fbname> |
698 | option was changed in 2.1.57 so it is now recommended to specify this |
699 | option. |
700 | |
701 | The <sub-options> is a comma-separated list of the sub-options listed |
702 | below. This option is organized similar to the Atari version of the |
703 | "video"-option (4.1), but knows fewer sub-options. |
704 | |
705 | 5.1.1) video mode |
706 | ----------------- |
707 | |
708 | Again, similar to the video mode for the Atari (see 4.1.1). Predefined |
709 | modes depend on the used frame buffer device. |
710 | |
711 | OCS, ECS and AGA machines all use the color frame buffer. The following |
712 | predefined video modes are available: |
713 | |
714 | NTSC modes: |
715 | - ntsc : 640x200, 15 kHz, 60 Hz |
716 | - ntsc-lace : 640x400, 15 kHz, 60 Hz interlaced |
717 | PAL modes: |
718 | - pal : 640x256, 15 kHz, 50 Hz |
719 | - pal-lace : 640x512, 15 kHz, 50 Hz interlaced |
720 | ECS modes: |
721 | - multiscan : 640x480, 29 kHz, 57 Hz |
722 | - multiscan-lace : 640x960, 29 kHz, 57 Hz interlaced |
723 | - euro36 : 640x200, 15 kHz, 72 Hz |
724 | - euro36-lace : 640x400, 15 kHz, 72 Hz interlaced |
725 | - euro72 : 640x400, 29 kHz, 68 Hz |
726 | - euro72-lace : 640x800, 29 kHz, 68 Hz interlaced |
727 | - super72 : 800x300, 23 kHz, 70 Hz |
728 | - super72-lace : 800x600, 23 kHz, 70 Hz interlaced |
729 | - dblntsc-ff : 640x400, 27 kHz, 57 Hz |
730 | - dblntsc-lace : 640x800, 27 kHz, 57 Hz interlaced |
731 | - dblpal-ff : 640x512, 27 kHz, 47 Hz |
732 | - dblpal-lace : 640x1024, 27 kHz, 47 Hz interlaced |
733 | - dblntsc : 640x200, 27 kHz, 57 Hz doublescan |
734 | - dblpal : 640x256, 27 kHz, 47 Hz doublescan |
735 | VGA modes: |
736 | - vga : 640x480, 31 kHz, 60 Hz |
737 | - vga70 : 640x400, 31 kHz, 70 Hz |
738 | |
739 | Please notice that the ECS and VGA modes require either an ECS or AGA |
740 | chipset, and that these modes are limited to 2-bit color for the ECS |
741 | chipset and 8-bit color for the AGA chipset. |
742 | |
743 | 5.1.2) depth |
744 | ------------ |
745 | |
746 | Syntax: depth:<nr. of bit-planes> |
747 | |
748 | Specify the number of bit-planes for the selected video-mode. |
749 | |
750 | 5.1.3) inverse |
751 | -------------- |
752 | |
753 | Use inverted display (black on white). Functionally the same as the |
754 | "inverse" sub-option for the Atari. |
755 | |
756 | 5.1.4) font |
757 | ----------- |
758 | |
759 | Syntax: font:<fontname> |
760 | |
761 | Specify the font to use in text modes. Functionally the same as the |
762 | "font" sub-option for the Atari, except that `PEARL8x8' is used instead |
763 | of `VGA8x8' if the vertical size of the display is less than 400 pixel |
764 | rows. |
765 | |
766 | 5.1.5) monitorcap: |
767 | ------------------- |
768 | |
769 | Syntax: monitorcap:<vmin>;<vmax>;<hmin>;<hmax> |
770 | |
771 | This describes the capabilities of a multisync monitor. For now, only |
772 | the color frame buffer uses the settings of "monitorcap:". |
773 | |
774 | <vmin> and <vmax> are the minimum and maximum, resp., vertical frequencies |
775 | your monitor can work with, in Hz. <hmin> and <hmax> are the same for |
776 | the horizontal frequency, in kHz. |
777 | |
778 | The defaults are 50;90;15;38 (Generic Amiga multisync monitor). |
779 | |
780 | |
781 | 5.2) fd_def_df0= |
782 | ---------------- |
783 | |
784 | Syntax: fd_def_df0=<value> |
785 | |
786 | Sets the df0 value for "silent" floppy drives. The value should be in |
787 | hexadecimal with "0x" prefix. |
788 | |
789 | |
790 | 5.3) wd33c93= |
791 | ------------- |
792 | |
793 | Syntax: wd33c93=<sub-options...> |
794 | |
795 | These options affect the A590/A2091, A3000 and GVP Series II SCSI |
796 | controllers. |
797 | |
798 | The <sub-options> is a comma-separated list of the sub-options listed |
799 | below. |
800 | |
801 | 5.3.1) nosync |
802 | ------------- |
803 | |
804 | Syntax: nosync:bitmask |
805 | |
806 | bitmask is a byte where the 1st 7 bits correspond with the 7 |
807 | possible SCSI devices. Set a bit to prevent sync negotiation on that |
808 | device. To maintain backwards compatibility, a command-line such as |
809 | "wd33c93=255" will be automatically translated to |
810 | "wd33c93=nosync:0xff". The default is to disable sync negotiation for |
811 | all devices, eg. nosync:0xff. |
812 | |
813 | 5.3.2) period |
814 | ------------- |
815 | |
816 | Syntax: period:ns |
817 | |
818 | `ns' is the minimum # of nanoseconds in a SCSI data transfer |
819 | period. Default is 500; acceptable values are 250 - 1000. |
820 | |
821 | 5.3.3) disconnect |
822 | ----------------- |
823 | |
824 | Syntax: disconnect:x |
825 | |
826 | Specify x = 0 to never allow disconnects, 2 to always allow them. |
827 | x = 1 does 'adaptive' disconnects, which is the default and generally |
828 | the best choice. |
829 | |
830 | 5.3.4) debug |
831 | ------------ |
832 | |
833 | Syntax: debug:x |
834 | |
835 | If `DEBUGGING_ON' is defined, x is a bit mask that causes various |
836 | types of debug output to printed - see the DB_xxx defines in |
837 | wd33c93.h. |
838 | |
839 | 5.3.5) clock |
840 | ------------ |
841 | |
842 | Syntax: clock:x |
843 | |
844 | x = clock input in MHz for WD33c93 chip. Normal values would be from |
845 | 8 through 20. The default value depends on your hostadapter(s), |
846 | default for the A3000 internal controller is 14, for the A2091 it's 8 |
847 | and for the GVP hostadapters it's either 8 or 14, depending on the |
848 | hostadapter and the SCSI-clock jumper present on some GVP |
849 | hostadapters. |
850 | |
851 | 5.3.6) next |
852 | ----------- |
853 | |
854 | No argument. Used to separate blocks of keywords when there's more |
855 | than one wd33c93-based host adapter in the system. |
856 | |
857 | 5.3.7) nodma |
858 | ------------ |
859 | |
860 | Syntax: nodma:x |
861 | |
862 | If x is 1 (or if the option is just written as "nodma"), the WD33c93 |
863 | controller will not use DMA (= direct memory access) to access the |
864 | Amiga's memory. This is useful for some systems (like A3000's and |
865 | A4000's with the A3640 accelerator, revision 3.0) that have problems |
866 | using DMA to chip memory. The default is 0, i.e. to use DMA if |
867 | possible. |
868 | |
869 | |
870 | 5.4) gvp11= |
871 | ----------- |
872 | |
873 | Syntax: gvp11=<addr-mask> |
874 | |
875 | The earlier versions of the GVP driver did not handle DMA |
876 | address-mask settings correctly which made it necessary for some |
877 | people to use this option, in order to get their GVP controller |
878 | running under Linux. These problems have hopefully been solved and the |
879 | use of this option is now highly unrecommended! |
880 | |
881 | Incorrect use can lead to unpredictable behavior, so please only use |
882 | this option if you *know* what you are doing and have a reason to do |
883 | so. In any case if you experience problems and need to use this |
884 | option, please inform us about it by mailing to the Linux/68k kernel |
885 | mailing list. |
886 | |
887 | The address mask set by this option specifies which addresses are |
888 | valid for DMA with the GVP Series II SCSI controller. An address is |
889 | valid, if no bits are set except the bits that are set in the mask, |
890 | too. |
891 | |
892 | Some versions of the GVP can only DMA into a 24 bit address range, |
893 | some can address a 25 bit address range while others can use the whole |
894 | 32 bit address range for DMA. The correct setting depends on your |
895 | controller and should be autodetected by the driver. An example is the |
896 | 24 bit region which is specified by a mask of 0x00fffffe. |
897 | |
898 | |
899 | 5.5) 53c7xx= |
900 | ------------ |
901 | |
902 | Syntax: 53c7xx=<sub-options...> |
903 | |
904 | These options affect the A4000T, A4091, WarpEngine, Blizzard 603e+, |
905 | and GForce 040/060 SCSI controllers on the Amiga, as well as the |
906 | builtin MVME 16x SCSI controller. |
907 | |
908 | The <sub-options> is a comma-separated list of the sub-options listed |
909 | below. |
910 | |
911 | 5.5.1) nosync |
912 | ------------- |
913 | |
914 | Syntax: nosync:0 |
915 | |
916 | Disables sync negotiation for all devices. Any value after the |
917 | colon is acceptable (and has the same effect). |
918 | |
919 | 5.5.2) noasync |
920 | -------------- |
921 | |
922 | Syntax: noasync:0 |
923 | |
924 | Disables async and sync negotiation for all devices. Any value |
925 | after the colon is acceptable (and has the same effect). |
926 | |
927 | 5.5.3) nodisconnect |
928 | ------------------- |
929 | |
930 | Syntax: nodisconnect:0 |
931 | |
932 | Disables SCSI disconnects. Any value after the colon is acceptable |
933 | (and has the same effect). |
934 | |
935 | 5.5.4) validids |
936 | --------------- |
937 | |
938 | Syntax: validids:0xNN |
939 | |
940 | Specify which SCSI ids the driver should pay attention to. This is |
941 | a bitmask (i.e. to only pay attention to ID#4, you'd use 0x10). |
942 | Default is 0x7f (devices 0-6). |
943 | |
944 | 5.5.5) opthi |
945 | 5.5.6) optlo |
946 | ------------ |
947 | |
948 | Syntax: opthi:M,optlo:N |
949 | |
950 | Specify options for "hostdata->options". The acceptable definitions |
951 | are listed in drivers/scsi/53c7xx.h; the 32 high bits should be in |
952 | opthi and the 32 low bits in optlo. They must be specified in the |
953 | order opthi=M,optlo=N. |
954 | |
955 | 5.5.7) next |
956 | ----------- |
957 | |
958 | No argument. Used to separate blocks of keywords when there's more |
959 | than one 53c7xx host adapter in the system. |
960 | |
961 | |
962 | /* Local Variables: */ |
963 | /* mode: text */ |
964 | /* End: */ |