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tagged 'mkinitrd-6_1_11'
1 | <html> |
2 | |
3 | <head><title>Command Summary for sed (sed & awk, Second Edition)</title> |
4 | </head> |
5 | |
6 | <body> |
7 | |
8 | <h2>Command Summary for sed</h2> |
9 | |
10 | <dl> |
11 | |
12 | <dt><b>: </b> <b> :</b><em>label</em></dt> |
13 | <dd>Label a line in the script for the transfer of control by |
14 | <b>b</b> or <b>t</b>. |
15 | <em>label</em> may contain up to seven characters. |
16 | (The POSIX standard says that an implementation can allow longer |
17 | labels if it wishes to. GNU sed allows labels to be of any length.) |
18 | </p></dd> |
19 | |
20 | |
21 | <dt><b>=</b> [<em>address</em>]<b>=</b></dt> |
22 | <dd>Write to standard output the line number of addressed line.</p></dd> |
23 | |
24 | |
25 | <dt><b>a</b> [<em>address</em>]<b>a\</b></dt> |
26 | <dd><em>text</em></p> |
27 | |
28 | <p>Append <em>text</em> |
29 | following each line matched by <em>address</em>. If |
30 | <em>text</em> goes over more than one line, newlines |
31 | must be "hidden" by preceding them with a backslash. The |
32 | <em>text</em> will be terminated by the first |
33 | newline that is not hidden in this way. The |
34 | <em>text</em> is not available in the pattern space |
35 | and subsequent commands cannot be applied to it. The results of this |
36 | command are sent to standard output when the list of editing commands |
37 | is finished, regardless of what happens to the current line in the |
38 | pattern space.</p></dd> |
39 | |
40 | |
41 | <dt><b>b</b> [<em>address1</em>[,<em>address2</em>]]<b>b</b>[<em>label</em>]</dt> |
42 | <dd>Transfer control unconditionally (branch) to |
43 | <b>:</b><em>label</em> elsewhere in |
44 | script. That is, the command following the |
45 | <em>label</em> is the next command applied to the |
46 | current line. If no <em>label</em> is specified, |
47 | control falls through to the end of the script, so no more commands |
48 | are applied to the current line.</p></dd> |
49 | |
50 | |
51 | <dt><b>c</b> [<em>address1</em>[,<em>address2</em>]]<b>c\</b></dt> |
52 | <dd><em>text</em></p> |
53 | |
54 | <p>Replace (change) the lines selected by the address with |
55 | <em>text</em>. When a range of lines is specified, |
56 | all lines as a group are replaced by a single copy of |
57 | <em>text</em>. The newline following each line of |
58 | <em>text</em> must be escaped by a backslash, except |
59 | the last line. The contents of the pattern space are, in effect, |
60 | deleted and no subsequent editing commands can be applied to it (or to |
61 | <em>text</em>).</p></dd> |
62 | |
63 | |
64 | <dt><b>d</b> [<em>address1</em>[,<em>address2</em>]]<b>d</b></dt> |
65 | <dd>Delete line(s) from pattern space. Thus, the line is not passed to standard |
66 | output. A new line of input is read and editing resumes with first |
67 | command in script.</p></dd> |
68 | |
69 | |
70 | <dt><b>D</b> [<em>address1</em>[,<em>address2</em>]]<b>D</b></dt> |
71 | <dd>Delete first part (up to embedded newline) of multiline pattern space created |
72 | by <b>N</b> command and resume editing with first command in |
73 | script. If this command empties the pattern space, then a new line |
74 | of input is read, as if the <b>d</b> command had been executed.</p></dd> |
75 | |
76 | |
77 | <dt><b>g</b> [<em>address1</em>[,<em>address2</em>]]<b>g</b></dt> |
78 | <dd>Copy (get) contents of hold space (see <b>h</b> or |
79 | <b>H</b> command) into the pattern space, wiping out |
80 | previous contents.</p></dd> |
81 | |
82 | |
83 | <dt><b>G</b> [<em>address1</em>[,<em>address2</em>]]<b>G</b></dt> |
84 | <dd>Append newline followed by contents of hold space (see |
85 | <b>h</b> or <b>H</b> command) to contents of |
86 | the pattern space. If hold space is empty, a newline is still |
87 | appended to the pattern space.</p></dd> |
88 | |
89 | |
90 | <dt><b>h</b> [<em>address1</em>[,<em>address2</em>]]<b>h</b></dt> |
91 | <dd>Copy pattern space into hold space, a special temporary buffer. |
92 | Previous contents of hold space are wiped out.</p></dd> |
93 | |
94 | |
95 | <dt><b>H</b> [<em>address1</em>[,<em>address2</em>]]<b>H</b></dt> |
96 | <dd>Append newline and contents of pattern space to contents of the hold |
97 | space. Even if hold space is empty, this command still appends the |
98 | newline first.</p></dd> |
99 | |
100 | |
101 | <dt><b>i</b> [<em>address1</em>]<b>i\</b></dt> |
102 | <dd><em>text</em></p> |
103 | |
104 | <p>Insert <em>text</em> before each line matched by |
105 | <em>address</em>. (See <b>a</b> for |
106 | details on <em>text</em>.)</p></dd> |
107 | |
108 | |
109 | <dt><b>l</b> [<em>address1</em>[,<em>address2</em>]]<b>l</b></dt> |
110 | <dd>List the contents of the pattern space, showing nonprinting characters |
111 | as ASCII codes. Long lines are wrapped.</p></dd> |
112 | |
113 | |
114 | <dt><b>n</b> [<em>address1</em>[,<em>address2</em>]]<b>n</b></dt> |
115 | <dd>Read next line of input into pattern space. Current line is sent to |
116 | standard output. New line becomes current line and increments line |
117 | counter. Control passes to command following <b>n</b> |
118 | instead of resuming at the top of the script.</p></dd> |
119 | |
120 | |
121 | <dt><b>N</b> [<em>address1</em>[,<em>address2</em>]]<b>N</b></dt> |
122 | <dd>Append next input line to contents of pattern space; the new line is |
123 | separated from the previous contents of the pattern space by a newline. |
124 | (This command is designed to allow pattern matches across two |
125 | lines. Using \n to match the embedded newline, you can match |
126 | patterns across multiple lines.)</p></dd> |
127 | |
128 | |
129 | <dt><b>p</b> [<em>address1</em>[,<em>address2</em>]]<b>p</b></dt> |
130 | <dd>Print the addressed line(s). Note that this can result in duplicate |
131 | output unless default output is suppressed by using "#n" or |
132 | the <span class="option">-n</span> |
133 | |
134 | command-line option. Typically used before commands that change flow |
135 | control (<b>d</b>, <b>n</b>, |
136 | <b>b</b>) and might prevent the current line from being |
137 | output.</p></dd> |
138 | |
139 | |
140 | <dt><b>P</b> [<em>address1</em>[,<em>address2</em>]]<b>P</b></dt> |
141 | <dd>Print first part (up to embedded newline) of multiline pattern space |
142 | created by <b>N</b> command. Same as <b>p</b> |
143 | if <b>N</b> has not been applied to a line.</p></dd> |
144 | |
145 | |
146 | <dt><b>q</b> [<em>address</em>]<b>q</b></dt> |
147 | <dd>Quit when <em>address</em> is encountered. The |
148 | addressed line is first written to output (if default output is not |
149 | suppressed), along with any text appended to it by previous |
150 | <b>a</b> or <b>r</b> commands.</p></dd> |
151 | |
152 | |
153 | <dt><b>r</b> [<em>address</em>]<b>r</b> <em>file</em></dt> |
154 | <dd>Read contents of <em>file</em> and append after the |
155 | contents of the pattern space. Exactly one space must be put between |
156 | <b>r</b> and the filename.</p></dd> |
157 | |
158 | |
159 | <dt><b>s</b> [<em>address1</em>[,<em>address2</em>]]<b>s</b>/<em>pattern</em>/<em>replacement</em>/[<em>flags</em>]</dt> |
160 | <dd>Substitute <em>replacement</em> for |
161 | <em>pattern</em> on each addressed line. If pattern |
162 | addresses are used, the pattern <b>//</b> represents the |
163 | last pattern address specified. The following flags can be specified:</p> |
164 | |
165 | <dl> |
166 | |
167 | <dt><b>n</b></dt> |
168 | <dd>Replace <em>n</em>th instance of |
169 | /<em>pattern</em>/ on each addressed line. |
170 | <em>n</em> is any number in the range 1 to 512, and |
171 | the default is 1.</p></dd> |
172 | |
173 | <dt><b>g</b></dt> |
174 | <dd>Replace all instances of /<em>pattern</em>/ on each |
175 | addressed line, not just the first instance.</p></dd> |
176 | |
177 | <dt><b>I</b></dt> |
178 | <dd>Matching is case-insensitive.<p></p></dd> |
179 | |
180 | <dt><b>p</b></dt> |
181 | <dd>Print the line if a successful substitution is done. If several |
182 | successful substitutions are done, multiple copies of the line will be |
183 | printed.</p></dd> |
184 | |
185 | <dt><b>w</b> <em>file</em></dt> |
186 | <dd>Write the line to <em>file</em> if a replacement |
187 | was done. A maximum of 10 different <em>files</em> can be opened.</p></dd> |
188 | |
189 | </dl> |
190 | |
191 | </dd> |
192 | |
193 | |
194 | <dt><b>t</b> [<em>address1</em>[,<em>address2</em>]]<b>t </b>[<em>label</em>]</dt> |
195 | <dd>Test if successful substitutions have been made on addressed lines, |
196 | and if so, branch to line marked by :<em>label</em>. |
197 | (See <b>b</b> and <b>:</b>.) If label is not |
198 | specified, control falls through to bottom of script.</p></dd> |
199 | |
200 | |
201 | <dt><b>w</b> [<em>address1</em>[,<em>address2</em>]]<b>w</b> <em>file</em></dt> |
202 | <dd>Append contents of pattern space to <em>file</em>. |
203 | This action occurs when the command is encountered rather than when |
204 | the pattern space is output. Exactly one space must separate the |
205 | <b>w</b> and the filename. A maximum of 10 different |
206 | files can be opened in a script. This command will create the file if |
207 | it does not exist; if the file exists, its contents will be |
208 | overwritten each time the script is executed. Multiple write commands |
209 | that direct output to the same file append to the end of the file.</p></dd> |
210 | |
211 | |
212 | <dt><b>x</b> [<em>address1</em>[,<em>address2</em>]]<b>x</b></dt> |
213 | <dd>Exchange contents of the pattern space with the contents of the hold |
214 | space.</p></dd> |
215 | |
216 | |
217 | <dt><b>y</b> [<em>address1</em>[,<em>address2</em>]]<b>y</b>/<em>abc</em>/<em>xyz</em>/</dt> |
218 | <dd>Transform each character by position in string |
219 | <em>abc</em> to its equivalent in string |
220 | <em>xyz</em>.</p></dd> |
221 | |
222 | |
223 | </dl> |