busybox/coreutils/echo.c

/* vi: set sw=4 ts=4: */
/*
 * echo implementation for busybox
 *
 * Copyright (c) 1991, 1993
 *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
 *
 * Licensed under GPLv2 or later, see file LICENSE in this tarball for details.
 *
 * Original copyright notice is retained at the end of this file.
 */

/* BB_AUDIT SUSv3 compliant -- unless configured as fancy echo. */
/* http://www.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/007904975/utilities/echo.html */

/* Mar 16, 2003      Manuel Novoa III   (mjn3@codepoet.org)
 *
 * Because of behavioral differences, implemented configurable SUSv3
 * or 'fancy' gnu-ish behaviors.  Also, reduced size and fixed bugs.
 * 1) In handling '\c' escape, the previous version only suppressed the
 *     trailing newline.  SUSv3 specifies _no_ output after '\c'.
 * 2) SUSv3 specifies that octal escapes are of the form \0{#{#{#}}}.
 *    The previous version did not allow 4-digit octals.
 */

#include "libbb.h"

/* This is a NOFORK applet. Be very careful! */

/* NB: can be used by shell even if not enabled as applet */

int echo_main(int argc UNUSED_PARAM, char **argv)
{
	const char *arg;
#if !ENABLE_FEATURE_FANCY_ECHO
	enum {
		eflag = '\\',
		nflag = 1,  /* 1 -- print '\n' */
	};

	/* We must check that stdout is not closed.
	 * The reason for this is highly non-obvious.
	 * echo_main is used from shell. Shell must correctly handle "echo foo"
	 * if stdout is closed. With stdio, output gets shoveled into
	 * stdout buffer, and even fflush cannot clear it out. It seems that
	 * even if libc receives EBADF on write attempts, it feels determined
	 * to output data no matter what. So it will try later,
	 * and possibly will clobber future output. Not good. */
// TODO: check fcntl() & O_ACCMODE == O_WRONLY or O_RDWR?
	if (fcntl(1, F_GETFL) == -1)
		return 1; /* match coreutils 6.10 (sans error msg to stderr) */
	//if (dup2(1, 1) != 1) - old way
	//	return 1;

	arg = *++argv;
	if (!arg)
		goto newline_ret;
#else
	const char *p;
	char nflag = 1;
	char eflag = 0;

	/* We must check that stdout is not closed. */
	if (fcntl(1, F_GETFL) == -1)
		return 1;

	while (1) {
		arg = *++argv;
		if (!arg)
			goto newline_ret;
		if (*arg != '-')
			break;

		/* If it appears that we are handling options, then make sure
		 * that all of the options specified are actually valid.
		 * Otherwise, the string should just be echoed.
		 */
		p = arg + 1;
		if (!*p)	/* A single '-', so echo it. */
			goto just_echo;

		do {
			if (!strrchr("neE", *p))
				goto just_echo;
		} while (*++p);

		/* All of the options in this arg are valid, so handle them. */
		p = arg + 1;
		do {
			if (*p == 'n')
				nflag = 0;
			if (*p == 'e')
				eflag = '\\';
		} while (*++p);
	}
 just_echo:
#endif
	while (1) {
		/* arg is already == *argv and isn't NULL */
		int c;

		if (!eflag) {
			/* optimization for very common case */
			fputs(arg, stdout);
		} else while ((c = *arg++)) {
			if (c == eflag) {	/* Check for escape seq. */
				if (*arg == 'c') {
					/* '\c' means cancel newline and
					 * ignore all subsequent chars. */
					goto ret;
				}
#if !ENABLE_FEATURE_FANCY_ECHO
				/* SUSv3 specifies that octal escapes must begin with '0'. */
				if ( ((int)(unsigned char)(*arg) - '0') >= 8) /* '8' or bigger */
#endif
				{
					/* Since SUSv3 mandates a first digit of 0, 4-digit octals
					* of the form \0### are accepted. */
					if (*arg == '0') {
						/* NB: don't turn "...\0" into "...\" */
						if (arg[1] && ((unsigned char)(arg[1]) - '0') < 8) {
							arg++;
						}
					}
					/* bb_process_escape_sequence handles NUL correctly
					 * ("...\" case). */
					c = bb_process_escape_sequence(&arg);
				}
			}
			bb_putchar(c);
		}

		arg = *++argv;
		if (!arg)
			break;
		bb_putchar(' ');
	}

 newline_ret:
	if (nflag) {
		bb_putchar('\n');
	}
 ret:
	return fflush_all();
}

/*-
 * Copyright (c) 1991, 1993
 *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
 *
 * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
 * Kenneth Almquist.
 *
 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
 * are met:
 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
 *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
 *
 * 3. <BSD Advertising Clause omitted per the July 22, 1999 licensing change
 *		ftp://ftp.cs.berkeley.edu/pub/4bsd/README.Impt.License.Change>
 *
 *	California, Berkeley and its contributors.
 * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
 *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
 *    without specific prior written permission.
 *
 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
 * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
 * SUCH DAMAGE.
 *
 *	@(#)echo.c	8.1 (Berkeley) 5/31/93
 */

#ifdef VERSION_WITH_WRITEV
/* We can't use stdio.
 * The reason for this is highly non-obvious.
 * echo_main is used from shell. Shell must correctly handle "echo foo"
 * if stdout is closed. With stdio, output gets shoveled into
 * stdout buffer, and even fflush cannot clear it out. It seems that
 * even if libc receives EBADF on write attempts, it feels determined
 * to output data no matter what. So it will try later,
 * and possibly will clobber future output. Not good.
 *
 * Using writev instead, with 'direct' conversion of argv vector.
 */

int echo_main(int argc, char **argv)
{
	struct iovec io[argc];
	struct iovec *cur_io = io;
	char *arg;
	char *p;
#if !ENABLE_FEATURE_FANCY_ECHO
	enum {
		eflag = '\\',
		nflag = 1,  /* 1 -- print '\n' */
	};
	arg = *++argv;
	if (!arg)
		goto newline_ret;
#else
	char nflag = 1;
	char eflag = 0;

	while (1) {
		arg = *++argv;
		if (!arg)
			goto newline_ret;
		if (*arg != '-')
			break;

		/* If it appears that we are handling options, then make sure
		 * that all of the options specified are actually valid.
		 * Otherwise, the string should just be echoed.
		 */
		p = arg + 1;
		if (!*p)	/* A single '-', so echo it. */
			goto just_echo;

		do {
			if (!strrchr("neE", *p))
				goto just_echo;
		} while (*++p);

		/* All of the options in this arg are valid, so handle them. */
		p = arg + 1;
		do {
			if (*p == 'n')
				nflag = 0;
			if (*p == 'e')
				eflag = '\\';
		} while (*++p);
	}
 just_echo:
#endif

	while (1) {
		/* arg is already == *argv and isn't NULL */
		int c;

		cur_io->iov_base = p = arg;

		if (!eflag) {
			/* optimization for very common case */
			p += strlen(arg);
		} else while ((c = *arg++)) {
			if (c == eflag) {	/* Check for escape seq. */
				if (*arg == 'c') {
					/* '\c' means cancel newline and
					 * ignore all subsequent chars. */
					cur_io->iov_len = p - (char*)cur_io->iov_base;
					cur_io++;
					goto ret;
				}
#if !ENABLE_FEATURE_FANCY_ECHO
				/* SUSv3 specifies that octal escapes must begin with '0'. */
				if ( (((unsigned char)*arg) - '1') >= 7)
#endif
				{
					/* Since SUSv3 mandates a first digit of 0, 4-digit octals
					* of the form \0### are accepted. */
					if (*arg == '0' && ((unsigned char)(arg[1]) - '0') < 8) {
						arg++;
					}
					/* bb_process_escape_sequence can handle nul correctly */
					c = bb_process_escape_sequence( (void*) &arg);
				}
			}
			*p++ = c;
		}

		arg = *++argv;
		if (arg)
			*p++ = ' ';
		cur_io->iov_len = p - (char*)cur_io->iov_base;
		cur_io++;
		if (!arg)
			break;
	}

 newline_ret:
	if (nflag) {
		cur_io->iov_base = (char*)"\n";
		cur_io->iov_len = 1;
		cur_io++;
	}
 ret:
	/* TODO: implement and use full_writev? */
	return writev(1, io, (cur_io - io)) >= 0;
}
#endif
1	niro	532	/* vi: set sw=4 ts=4: */
2			/*
3			* echo implementation for busybox
4			*
5			* Copyright (c) 1991, 1993
6			* The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
7			*
8			* Licensed under GPLv2 or later, see file LICENSE in this tarball for details.
9			*
10			* Original copyright notice is retained at the end of this file.
11			*/
12
13			/* BB_AUDIT SUSv3 compliant -- unless configured as fancy echo. */
14			/* http://www.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/007904975/utilities/echo.html */
15
16			/* Mar 16, 2003 Manuel Novoa III (mjn3@codepoet.org)
17			*
18			* Because of behavioral differences, implemented configurable SUSv3
19			* or 'fancy' gnu-ish behaviors. Also, reduced size and fixed bugs.
20			* 1) In handling '\c' escape, the previous version only suppressed the
21			* trailing newline. SUSv3 specifies _no_ output after '\c'.
22			* 2) SUSv3 specifies that octal escapes are of the form \0{#{#{#}}}.
23	niro	816	* The previous version did not allow 4-digit octals.
24	niro	532	*/
25
26	niro	816	#include "libbb.h"
27	niro	532
28	niro	816	/* This is a NOFORK applet. Be very careful! */
29	niro	532
30	niro	816	/* NB: can be used by shell even if not enabled as applet */
31
32			int echo_main(int argc UNUSED_PARAM, char **argv)
33	niro	532	{
34	niro	816	const char *arg;
35			#if !ENABLE_FEATURE_FANCY_ECHO
36			enum {
37			eflag = '\\',
38			nflag = 1, /* 1 -- print '\n' */
39			};
40
41			/* We must check that stdout is not closed.
42			* The reason for this is highly non-obvious.
43			* echo_main is used from shell. Shell must correctly handle "echo foo"
44			* if stdout is closed. With stdio, output gets shoveled into
45			* stdout buffer, and even fflush cannot clear it out. It seems that
46			* even if libc receives EBADF on write attempts, it feels determined
47			* to output data no matter what. So it will try later,
48			* and possibly will clobber future output. Not good. */
49			// TODO: check fcntl() & O_ACCMODE == O_WRONLY or O_RDWR?
50			if (fcntl(1, F_GETFL) == -1)
51			return 1; /* match coreutils 6.10 (sans error msg to stderr) */
52			//if (dup2(1, 1) != 1) - old way
53			// return 1;
54
55			arg = *++argv;
56			if (!arg)
57			goto newline_ret;
58	niro	532	#else
59			const char *p;
60	niro	816	char nflag = 1;
61			char eflag = 0;
62	niro	532
63	niro	816	/* We must check that stdout is not closed. */
64			if (fcntl(1, F_GETFL) == -1)
65			return 1;
66
67			while (1) {
68			arg = *++argv;
69			if (!arg)
70			goto newline_ret;
71			if (*arg != '-')
72			break;
73
74	niro	532	/* If it appears that we are handling options, then make sure
75			* that all of the options specified are actually valid.
76			* Otherwise, the string should just be echoed.
77			*/
78	niro	816	p = arg + 1;
79			if (!p) / A single '-', so echo it. */
80	niro	532	goto just_echo;
81
82			do {
83	niro	816	if (!strrchr("neE", *p))
84	niro	532	goto just_echo;
85			} while (*++p);
86
87			/* All of the options in this arg are valid, so handle them. */
88	niro	816	p = arg + 1;
89	niro	532	do {
90	niro	816	if (*p == 'n')
91	niro	532	nflag = 0;
92	niro	816	if (*p == 'e')
93	niro	532	eflag = '\\';
94			} while (*++p);
95			}
96	niro	816	just_echo:
97	niro	532	#endif
98	niro	816	while (1) {
99			/* arg is already == argv and isn't NULL /
100	niro	532	int c;
101
102	niro	816	if (!eflag) {
103			/* optimization for very common case */
104			fputs(arg, stdout);
105			} else while ((c = *arg++)) {
106	niro	532	if (c == eflag) { /* Check for escape seq. */
107	niro	816	if (*arg == 'c') {
108	niro	532	/* '\c' means cancel newline and
109			* ignore all subsequent chars. */
110	niro	816	goto ret;
111	niro	532	}
112	niro	816	#if !ENABLE_FEATURE_FANCY_ECHO
113	niro	532	/* SUSv3 specifies that octal escapes must begin with '0'. */
114	niro	816	if ( ((int)(unsigned char)(arg) - '0') >= 8) / '8' or bigger */
115	niro	532	#endif
116			{
117			/* Since SUSv3 mandates a first digit of 0, 4-digit octals
118			* of the form \0### are accepted. */
119	niro	816	if (*arg == '0') {
120			/* NB: don't turn "...\0" into "...\" */
121			if (arg[1] && ((unsigned char)(arg[1]) - '0') < 8) {
122			arg++;
123			}
124	niro	532	}
125	niro	816	/* bb_process_escape_sequence handles NUL correctly
126			* ("...\" case). */
127			c = bb_process_escape_sequence(&arg);
128	niro	532	}
129			}
130	niro	816	bb_putchar(c);
131	niro	532	}
132
133	niro	816	arg = *++argv;
134			if (!arg)
135			break;
136			bb_putchar(' ');
137	niro	532	}
138
139	niro	816	newline_ret:
140	niro	532	if (nflag) {
141	niro	816	bb_putchar('\n');
142	niro	532	}
143	niro	816	ret:
144	niro	984	return fflush_all();
145	niro	532	}
146
147			/*-
148			* Copyright (c) 1991, 1993
149			* The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
150			*
151			* This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
152			* Kenneth Almquist.
153			*
154			* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
155			* modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
156			* are met:
157			* 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
158			* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
159			* 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
160			* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
161			* documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
162			*
163			* 3. <BSD Advertising Clause omitted per the July 22, 1999 licensing change
164			* ftp://ftp.cs.berkeley.edu/pub/4bsd/README.Impt.License.Change>
165			*
166			* California, Berkeley and its contributors.
167			* 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
168			* may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
169			* without specific prior written permission.
170			*
171			* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
172			* ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
173			* IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
174			* ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
175			* FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
176			* DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
177			* OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
178			* HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
179			* LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
180			* OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
181			* SUCH DAMAGE.
182			*
183			* @(#)echo.c 8.1 (Berkeley) 5/31/93
184			*/
185	niro	816
186			#ifdef VERSION_WITH_WRITEV
187			/* We can't use stdio.
188			* The reason for this is highly non-obvious.
189			* echo_main is used from shell. Shell must correctly handle "echo foo"
190			* if stdout is closed. With stdio, output gets shoveled into
191			* stdout buffer, and even fflush cannot clear it out. It seems that
192			* even if libc receives EBADF on write attempts, it feels determined
193			* to output data no matter what. So it will try later,
194			* and possibly will clobber future output. Not good.
195			*
196			* Using writev instead, with 'direct' conversion of argv vector.
197			*/
198
199			int echo_main(int argc, char **argv)
200			{
201			struct iovec io[argc];
202			struct iovec *cur_io = io;
203			char *arg;
204			char *p;
205			#if !ENABLE_FEATURE_FANCY_ECHO
206			enum {
207			eflag = '\\',
208			nflag = 1, /* 1 -- print '\n' */
209			};
210			arg = *++argv;
211			if (!arg)
212			goto newline_ret;
213			#else
214			char nflag = 1;
215			char eflag = 0;
216
217			while (1) {
218			arg = *++argv;
219			if (!arg)
220			goto newline_ret;
221			if (*arg != '-')
222			break;
223
224			/* If it appears that we are handling options, then make sure
225			* that all of the options specified are actually valid.
226			* Otherwise, the string should just be echoed.
227			*/
228			p = arg + 1;
229			if (!p) / A single '-', so echo it. */
230			goto just_echo;
231
232			do {
233			if (!strrchr("neE", *p))
234			goto just_echo;
235			} while (*++p);
236
237			/* All of the options in this arg are valid, so handle them. */
238			p = arg + 1;
239			do {
240			if (*p == 'n')
241			nflag = 0;
242			if (*p == 'e')
243			eflag = '\\';
244			} while (*++p);
245			}
246			just_echo:
247			#endif
248
249			while (1) {
250			/* arg is already == argv and isn't NULL /
251			int c;
252
253			cur_io->iov_base = p = arg;
254
255			if (!eflag) {
256			/* optimization for very common case */
257			p += strlen(arg);
258			} else while ((c = *arg++)) {
259			if (c == eflag) { /* Check for escape seq. */
260			if (*arg == 'c') {
261			/* '\c' means cancel newline and
262			* ignore all subsequent chars. */
263			cur_io->iov_len = p - (char*)cur_io->iov_base;
264			cur_io++;
265			goto ret;
266			}
267			#if !ENABLE_FEATURE_FANCY_ECHO
268			/* SUSv3 specifies that octal escapes must begin with '0'. */
269			if ( (((unsigned char)*arg) - '1') >= 7)
270			#endif
271			{
272			/* Since SUSv3 mandates a first digit of 0, 4-digit octals
273			* of the form \0### are accepted. */
274			if (*arg == '0' && ((unsigned char)(arg[1]) - '0') < 8) {
275			arg++;
276			}
277			/* bb_process_escape_sequence can handle nul correctly */
278			c = bb_process_escape_sequence( (void*) &arg);
279			}
280			}
281			*p++ = c;
282			}
283
284			arg = *++argv;
285			if (arg)
286			*p++ = ' ';
287			cur_io->iov_len = p - (char*)cur_io->iov_base;
288			cur_io++;
289			if (!arg)
290			break;
291			}
292
293			newline_ret:
294			if (nflag) {
295			cur_io->iov_base = (char*)"\n";
296			cur_io->iov_len = 1;
297			cur_io++;
298			}
299			ret:
300			/* TODO: implement and use full_writev? */
301			return writev(1, io, (cur_io - io)) >= 0;
302			}
303			#endif